A high school psychology standard states that biological and environmental factors interact to influence personality. Which measurement topic best aligns with this standard?

• A. Cognition
• B. Genetics
• C. Sociology
• D. Behavior

Answer: (B)

The main idea here is how biology and environment work together to shape personality, and the measurement topic that best fits that is genetics. Genetics focuses on inherited biological influences and uses methods like twin and adoption studies to see how genes contribute to personality traits while also considering environmental contexts. These studies show that genes can predispose certain tendencies, but the environment can amplify, modify, or suppress these tendencies, illustrating gene–environment interaction.

Cognition, sociology, and behavior each touch important aspects of psychology, but they don’t as directly capture how biological makeup and environmental factors blend to influence personality. Genetics specifically addresses the biological side and, through the study of how environments interact with genetic predispositions, aligns most closely with the standard.